Block #101,361

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 8/6/2013, 2:46:40 PM · Difficulty 9.4588 · 6,703,706 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e23a5e566e7352671590315ec16e6eb911637fcfb96ea44600e89f142e0e8eef

Height

#101,361

Difficulty

9.458832

Transactions

2

Size

426 B

Version

2

Bits

097575fc

Nonce

29,426

Timestamp

8/6/2013, 2:46:40 PM

Confirmations

6,703,706

Merkle Root

345040e4e0aa95d6ad4ebfcfcef6fc079b6652e45a580905da79e6cdcebdd3cb
Transactions (2)
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.244 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12445095972677454441…48083886656221175461
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.244 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
12445095972677454441…48083886656221175461
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.489 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
24890191945354908882…96167773312442350921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.978 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
49780383890709817765…92335546624884701841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
9.956 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
99560767781419635530…84671093249769403681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.991 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
19912153556283927106…69342186499538807361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.982 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
39824307112567854212…38684372999077614721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
7.964 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
79648614225135708424…77368745998155229441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.592 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
15929722845027141684…54737491996310458881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.185 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
31859445690054283369…09474983992620917761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,684,602 XPM·at block #6,805,066 · updates every 60s
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