Home/Chain Registry/Block #397,476

Block #397,476

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 2/10/2014, 3:19:47 AM · Difficulty 10.4123 · 6,401,038 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
fee1732d2702f3d107c2af98a22c90c4e116e27f23b8c6ab381902e155ef4098

Height

#397,476

Difficulty

10.412271

Transactions

9

Size

5.72 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a698a95

Nonce

137,165

Timestamp

2/10/2014, 3:19:47 AM

Confirmations

6,401,038

Merkle Root

ce85b01a89ca68635525c23ccc96d2b2b8163746427683a14e0c0885b35b9ae2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68091678551852357099…26900487245458251680
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68091678551852357099…26900487245458251679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
68091678551852357099…26900487245458251681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.361 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13618335710370471419…53800974490916503359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.361 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13618335710370471419…53800974490916503361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.723 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27236671420740942839…07601948981833006719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.723 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
27236671420740942839…07601948981833006721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.447 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
54473342841481885679…15203897963666013439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.447 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
54473342841481885679…15203897963666013441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.089 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10894668568296377135…30407795927332026879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.089 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10894668568296377135…30407795927332026881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 397476

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock fee1732d2702f3d107c2af98a22c90c4e116e27f23b8c6ab381902e155ef4098

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #397,476 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,632,125 XPM·at block #6,798,513 · updates every 60s
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