Home/Chain Registry/Block #851,711

Block #851,711

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 12/13/2014, 12:30:23 PM · Difficulty 10.9704 · 5,991,169 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
fa396d3860e1961015998949e765059e9dd677295b794e7ffcb94328fb0cab2d

Height

#851,711

Difficulty

10.970434

Transactions

9

Size

1.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af86e58

Nonce

268,164,914

Timestamp

12/13/2014, 12:30:23 PM

Confirmations

5,991,169

Merkle Root

90b026b6b345553983fea19796f9ed670a3b7f7205f507e434affec3bdce1a06
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.528 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25286957204281054169…70843573837662319360
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
2.528 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
25286957204281054169…70843573837662319359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
5.057 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
50573914408562108338…41687147675324638719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.011 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
10114782881712421667…83374295350649277439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
2.022 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
20229565763424843335…66748590701298554879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
4.045 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
40459131526849686670…33497181402597109759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
8.091 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
80918263053699373341…66994362805194219519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
1.618 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
16183652610739874668…33988725610388439039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
3.236 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
32367305221479749336…67977451220776878079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
6.473 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
64734610442959498673…35954902441553756159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
1.294 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12946922088591899734…71909804883107512319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 851711

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock fa396d3860e1961015998949e765059e9dd677295b794e7ffcb94328fb0cab2d

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #851,711 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,987,385 XPM·at block #6,842,879 · updates every 60s
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