Home/Chain Registry/Block #457,313

Block #457,313

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/23/2014, 7:38:11 PM · Difficulty 10.4209 · 6,369,655 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
e5b6cad72713fecb890188b32eead5384cdea21abd68201afa2f18774e94271b

Height

#457,313

Difficulty

10.420871

Transactions

10

Size

2.72 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a6bbe2c

Nonce

206,474

Timestamp

3/23/2014, 7:38:11 PM

Confirmations

6,369,655

Merkle Root

7e6bb5252046aa05f53ad0200bc558cc1e638a04b698f0d555b00d24355eec23
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.780 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
87808712223178933953…10166322609603526400
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
8.780 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
87808712223178933953…10166322609603526401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.756 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17561742444635786790…20332645219207052801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
3.512 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
35123484889271573581…40665290438414105601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
7.024 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
70246969778543147162…81330580876828211201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.404 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
14049393955708629432…62661161753656422401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.809 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
28098787911417258864…25322323507312844801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
5.619 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
56197575822834517729…50644647014625689601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.123 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
11239515164566903545…01289294029251379201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.247 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
22479030329133807091…02578588058502758401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
4.495 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
44958060658267614183…05157176117005516801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 457313

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock e5b6cad72713fecb890188b32eead5384cdea21abd68201afa2f18774e94271b

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #457,313 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,859,920 XPM·at block #6,826,967 · updates every 60s
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