Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,932,253

Block #2,932,253

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/21/2018, 12:26:06 AM · Difficulty 11.4005 · 3,910,670 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
de7dda81ad385c9b95ae36604ad0da3e7cba359aa2684f318c962bd7644966d0

Difficulty

11.400474

Transactions

11

Size

4.25 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b66857a

Nonce

830,324,184

Timestamp

11/21/2018, 12:26:06 AM

Confirmations

3,910,670

Merkle Root

868e85fc9fafc2783ec1ae627dfe54a35a99bfb43ce49cc5a83a74d3e0f4dce4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.582 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55826778247354620350…93513420099987537920
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.582 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55826778247354620350…93513420099987537919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.582 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
55826778247354620350…93513420099987537921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.116 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11165355649470924070…87026840199975075839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.116 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11165355649470924070…87026840199975075841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.233 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22330711298941848140…74053680399950151679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.233 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
22330711298941848140…74053680399950151681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.466 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44661422597883696280…48107360799900303359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.466 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
44661422597883696280…48107360799900303361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.932 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
89322845195767392560…96214721599800606719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.932 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
89322845195767392560…96214721599800606721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.786 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17864569039153478512…92429443199601213439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2932253

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock de7dda81ad385c9b95ae36604ad0da3e7cba359aa2684f318c962bd7644966d0

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,932,253 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,987,732 XPM·at block #6,842,922 · updates every 60s
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