Home/Chain Registry/Block #298,019

Block #298,019

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/7/2013, 12:58:00 AM · Difficulty 9.9919 · 6,498,825 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
da857ebe2ed7bfd89f7bc543043ea0edf08667756a6120cffadc5a4cc9aa5eaf

Height

#298,019

Difficulty

9.991946

Transactions

5

Size

6.07 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fdf027

Nonce

12,336

Timestamp

12/7/2013, 12:58:00 AM

Confirmations

6,498,825

Merkle Root

6160ace8b9fb862c33acc4e07b4b9867e2f6cc3761e798b7e026684699c0046f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.044 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10448741822942568548…43727989670134032000
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.044 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10448741822942568548…43727989670134031999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.044 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10448741822942568548…43727989670134032001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.089 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20897483645885137096…87455979340268063999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.089 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
20897483645885137096…87455979340268064001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.179 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41794967291770274192…74911958680536127999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.179 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41794967291770274192…74911958680536128001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.358 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83589934583540548384…49823917361072255999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.358 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83589934583540548384…49823917361072256001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.671 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16717986916708109676…99647834722144511999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.671 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16717986916708109676…99647834722144512001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 298019

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock da857ebe2ed7bfd89f7bc543043ea0edf08667756a6120cffadc5a4cc9aa5eaf

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #298,019 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,618,765 XPM·at block #6,796,843 · updates every 60s
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