Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,928,829

Block #2,928,829

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/18/2018, 6:16:52 PM · Difficulty 11.3795 · 3,903,581 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d99b356c554247ae4fe75c2c65bcf535d4a6c69628ff713a76991c0127f8cc1f

Difficulty

11.379501

Transactions

7

Size

1.68 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b612700

Nonce

1,368,099,687

Timestamp

11/18/2018, 6:16:52 PM

Confirmations

3,903,581

Merkle Root

568db33c699898dcd8400efa1c2b2c174327f973842f1900d0b26bc17160cf3f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.474 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
74743369987216349752…75056132436483268800
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.474 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
74743369987216349752…75056132436483268799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.474 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
74743369987216349752…75056132436483268801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.494 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14948673997443269950…50112264872966537599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.494 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
14948673997443269950…50112264872966537601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.989 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
29897347994886539900…00224529745933075199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.989 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
29897347994886539900…00224529745933075201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.979 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
59794695989773079801…00449059491866150399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.979 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
59794695989773079801…00449059491866150401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.195 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11958939197954615960…00898118983732300799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.195 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
11958939197954615960…00898118983732300801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.391 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
23917878395909231920…01796237967464601599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2928829

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock d99b356c554247ae4fe75c2c65bcf535d4a6c69628ff713a76991c0127f8cc1f

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,928,829 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,903,426 XPM·at block #6,832,409 · updates every 60s
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