This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.188 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

31885956531209663809…03504889626267502400

Discovered Prime Numbers

Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)

origin − 1

3.188 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

31885956531209663809…03504889626267502399

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

origin + 1

3.188 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

31885956531209663809…03504889626267502401

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)

2^1 × origin − 1

6.377 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

63771913062419327619…07009779252535004799

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

2^1 × origin + 1

6.377 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)

63771913062419327619…07009779252535004801

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)

2^2 × origin − 1

1.275 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

12754382612483865523…14019558505070009599

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

2^2 × origin + 1

1.275 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

12754382612483865523…14019558505070009601

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)

2^3 × origin − 1

2.550 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

25508765224967731047…28039117010140019199

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

2^3 × origin + 1

2.550 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

25508765224967731047…28039117010140019201

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)

2^4 × origin − 1

5.101 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

51017530449935462095…56078234020280038399

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

2^4 × origin + 1

5.101 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)

51017530449935462095…56078234020280038401

Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →

★★☆☆☆

Rarity

UncommonChain length 10

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)

Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1

Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height

getblockhash 528730

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data

getblock d4102c9b19613c3a55be09f57aee9dae65801cd281bf73d2b75203058026234f

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #528,730 on Chainz ↗

Block #528,730

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