Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,642,066

Block #2,642,066

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/1/2018, 2:26:40 PM · Difficulty 11.6409 · 4,189,970 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d38ecd2ce50318e16faaddc3f19eea7754ce35606c97b1c2c28c10e68b6ce6a6

Difficulty

11.640872

Transactions

5

Size

2.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba41038

Nonce

417,766,895

Timestamp

5/1/2018, 2:26:40 PM

Confirmations

4,189,970

Merkle Root

ffb1ac8a98089c9fee4bb1f72f40247a32a03afdebf0036ed6284cc48ed87da2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.275 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22750680459445905235…84998074218005945600
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.275 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22750680459445905235…84998074218005945599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.275 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22750680459445905235…84998074218005945601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.550 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45501360918891810471…69996148436011891199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.550 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45501360918891810471…69996148436011891201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.100 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
91002721837783620943…39992296872023782399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.100 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
91002721837783620943…39992296872023782401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.820 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18200544367556724188…79984593744047564799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.820 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18200544367556724188…79984593744047564801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.640 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36401088735113448377…59969187488095129599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.640 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
36401088735113448377…59969187488095129601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
7.280 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
72802177470226896754…19938374976190259199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2642066

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock d38ecd2ce50318e16faaddc3f19eea7754ce35606c97b1c2c28c10e68b6ce6a6

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,642,066 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,900,421 XPM·at block #6,832,035 · updates every 60s
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