Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,634,668

Block #2,634,668

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/28/2018, 11:45:18 PM · Difficulty 11.2608 · 4,207,871 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
d009cad0509434a744746bdb321018db4d84ab708396605a6dbbf5c52cce5fc5

Difficulty

11.260774

Transactions

79

Size

22.27 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b42c214

Nonce

774,864,179

Timestamp

4/28/2018, 11:45:18 PM

Confirmations

4,207,871

Merkle Root

0769a35bec88781485d9dc1614648abe66f07064cec027f2ba151db5379414f7
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.151 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41512847596436794734…00295207390351360000
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.151 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41512847596436794734…00295207390351359999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.151 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
41512847596436794734…00295207390351360001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.302 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83025695192873589469…00590414780702719999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.302 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
83025695192873589469…00590414780702720001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.660 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16605139038574717893…01180829561405439999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.660 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16605139038574717893…01180829561405440001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.321 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33210278077149435787…02361659122810879999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.321 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33210278077149435787…02361659122810880001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.642 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66420556154298871575…04723318245621759999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.642 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
66420556154298871575…04723318245621760001
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.328 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13284111230859774315…09446636491243519999
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2634668

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock d009cad0509434a744746bdb321018db4d84ab708396605a6dbbf5c52cce5fc5

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,634,668 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,984,735 XPM·at block #6,842,538 · updates every 60s
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