Home/Chain Registry/Block #315,120

Block #315,120

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/16/2013, 8:38:49 AM · Difficulty 10.0850 · 6,515,304 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
cde42d914502ed40b2ed48453de94c4189ba944b7f37afc390c860281d9f5554

Height

#315,120

Difficulty

10.085011

Transactions

19

Size

7.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a15c346

Nonce

55,724

Timestamp

12/16/2013, 8:38:49 AM

Confirmations

6,515,304

Merkle Root

ba931f7877bd6de1cbf4fe57910b7d8652794c2078a4c2e24d4310b4ddd698fd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.038 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30389970190865610450…95128280351209776640
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.038 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30389970190865610450…95128280351209776639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.038 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30389970190865610450…95128280351209776641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
6.077 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60779940381731220901…90256560702419553279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
6.077 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60779940381731220901…90256560702419553281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.215 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12155988076346244180…80513121404839106559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.215 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
12155988076346244180…80513121404839106561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.431 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24311976152692488360…61026242809678213119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.431 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
24311976152692488360…61026242809678213121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.862 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48623952305384976720…22052485619356426239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.862 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
48623952305384976720…22052485619356426241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 315120

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock cde42d914502ed40b2ed48453de94c4189ba944b7f37afc390c860281d9f5554

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #315,120 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,887,634 XPM·at block #6,830,423 · updates every 60s
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