Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,292,645

Block #2,292,645

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/11/2017, 10:55:03 PM · Difficulty 10.9547 · 4,547,748 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
c6a2488dbe0d34d87901d000f7444694852f0ff12eff9a680a493b4fd4ae4d7e

Difficulty

10.954749

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af46a70

Nonce

479,794,432

Timestamp

9/11/2017, 10:55:03 PM

Confirmations

4,547,748

Merkle Root

ac841b2c4a76d304f979b0d1de8138bffc2fc8f56b5736296494fb7586da57e0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.124 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51240358637420342652…16097830342814187520
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.124 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51240358637420342652…16097830342814187519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.124 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
51240358637420342652…16097830342814187521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10248071727484068530…32195660685628375039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10248071727484068530…32195660685628375041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.049 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20496143454968137061…64391321371256750079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.049 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20496143454968137061…64391321371256750081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.099 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40992286909936274122…28782642742513500159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.099 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
40992286909936274122…28782642742513500161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.198 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81984573819872548244…57565285485027000319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.198 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
81984573819872548244…57565285485027000321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2292645

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock c6a2488dbe0d34d87901d000f7444694852f0ff12eff9a680a493b4fd4ae4d7e

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,292,645 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,967,465 XPM·at block #6,840,392 · updates every 60s
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