Home/Chain Registry/Block #308,705

Block #308,705

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/13/2013, 5:51:04 AM · Difficulty 9.9946 · 6,492,865 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
c32fde756cde5240b2b8fffc17c0bf46bf5de286f0df1d22b85cac28617bd0bd

Height

#308,705

Difficulty

9.994595

Transactions

9

Size

2.25 KB

Version

2

Bits

09fe9dc5

Nonce

74,630

Timestamp

12/13/2013, 5:51:04 AM

Confirmations

6,492,865

Merkle Root

a6ff8d130a69001a31261a0f0768bade379d88a66ac73ea91b420cccc5f67628
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.328 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13283360022260476875…74204398583937335040
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.328 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13283360022260476875…74204398583937335039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.328 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
13283360022260476875…74204398583937335041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.656 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26566720044520953750…48408797167874670079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.656 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26566720044520953750…48408797167874670081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.313 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53133440089041907500…96817594335749340159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.313 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
53133440089041907500…96817594335749340161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.062 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10626688017808381500…93635188671498680319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.062 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10626688017808381500…93635188671498680321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.125 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21253376035616763000…87270377342997360639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.125 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21253376035616763000…87270377342997360641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 308705

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock c32fde756cde5240b2b8fffc17c0bf46bf5de286f0df1d22b85cac28617bd0bd

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #308,705 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,656,642 XPM·at block #6,801,569 · updates every 60s
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