Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,642,488

Block #2,642,488

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/1/2018, 6:19:13 PM · Difficulty 11.6541 · 4,191,294 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bf83421f0d52b4588febaa8d21be1690d8e3b1f7b24fa7327bbe1f06854dc396

Difficulty

11.654136

Transactions

61

Size

18.31 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba77576

Nonce

18,847,796

Timestamp

5/1/2018, 6:19:13 PM

Confirmations

4,191,294

Merkle Root

b4d124526d07b3d365e20127338f70f3b7fbebf840d32d13f1d8bd2c161d1c84
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.032 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
90327468863124663579…15366456110446028800
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.032 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
90327468863124663579…15366456110446028799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.032 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
90327468863124663579…15366456110446028801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.806 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18065493772624932715…30732912220892057599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.806 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18065493772624932715…30732912220892057601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.613 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36130987545249865431…61465824441784115199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.613 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
36130987545249865431…61465824441784115201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
72261975090499730863…22931648883568230399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.226 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
72261975090499730863…22931648883568230401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.445 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14452395018099946172…45863297767136460799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.445 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14452395018099946172…45863297767136460801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.890 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
28904790036199892345…91726595534272921599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2642488

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock bf83421f0d52b4588febaa8d21be1690d8e3b1f7b24fa7327bbe1f06854dc396

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,642,488 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,914,475 XPM·at block #6,833,781 · updates every 60s
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