Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,241,889

Block #2,241,889

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 8/8/2017, 3:11:25 AM · Difficulty 10.9472 · 4,585,088 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bda7e4a8daa962a5d7815a5a14d38d902bdca446a8e38305a2914946204dc36c

Difficulty

10.947174

Transactions

9

Size

2.70 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af27a06

Nonce

1,625,321,158

Timestamp

8/8/2017, 3:11:25 AM

Confirmations

4,585,088

Merkle Root

403219fb5de640b957c68c870a9da66c6cc5acec3989f649503e09b97775956c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.642 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86424456679081767191…22684015674378975840
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
8.642 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86424456679081767191…22684015674378975839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
8.642 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
86424456679081767191…22684015674378975841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.728 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17284891335816353438…45368031348757951679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.728 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17284891335816353438…45368031348757951681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.456 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34569782671632706876…90736062697515903359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.456 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34569782671632706876…90736062697515903361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.913 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
69139565343265413753…81472125395031806719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.913 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
69139565343265413753…81472125395031806721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.382 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13827913068653082750…62944250790063613439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.382 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13827913068653082750…62944250790063613441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.765 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
27655826137306165501…25888501580127226879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2241889

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock bda7e4a8daa962a5d7815a5a14d38d902bdca446a8e38305a2914946204dc36c

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,241,889 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,859,991 XPM·at block #6,826,976 · updates every 60s
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