Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,962,700

Block #2,962,700

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/12/2018, 11:18:06 AM · Difficulty 11.3467 · 3,881,347 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bccdab91e29d97af856f71985f6977372ccc41f91251a2d8704bb04201b4a0f1

Difficulty

11.346656

Transactions

5

Size

2.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b58be74

Nonce

920,399,827

Timestamp

12/12/2018, 11:18:06 AM

Confirmations

3,881,347

Merkle Root

f5dc7e9804e7f9cce10deb708a42d3f3346dde64ab845cdad19ae019d4717bf4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.878 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
68780861554221951063…99383135284129857800
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.878 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
68780861554221951063…99383135284129857799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.878 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
68780861554221951063…99383135284129857801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.375 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13756172310844390212…98766270568259715599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.375 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13756172310844390212…98766270568259715601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.751 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27512344621688780425…97532541136519431199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.751 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27512344621688780425…97532541136519431201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.502 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55024689243377560850…95065082273038862399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.502 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55024689243377560850…95065082273038862401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.100 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11004937848675512170…90130164546077724799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.100 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11004937848675512170…90130164546077724801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.200 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22009875697351024340…80260329092155449599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2962700

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock bccdab91e29d97af856f71985f6977372ccc41f91251a2d8704bb04201b4a0f1

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,962,700 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,996,746 XPM·at block #6,844,046 · updates every 60s
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