Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,937,051

Block #2,937,051

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/24/2018, 10:28:10 AM · Difficulty 11.3857 · 3,903,865 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
bbe631e9c2fd8ce78123152626e43830597f14e60081fec183ddcbad35e8c455

Difficulty

11.385673

Transactions

23

Size

5.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b62bb77

Nonce

265,681,262

Timestamp

11/24/2018, 10:28:10 AM

Confirmations

3,903,865

Merkle Root

10b488c2bae3c1b533e8da5882bb663762bfaf55c3183f84122169ef5c5a07df
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.626 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46268905504332341463…70335700040029009920
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.626 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46268905504332341463…70335700040029009919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.626 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
46268905504332341463…70335700040029009921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
9.253 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
92537811008664682926…40671400080058019839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
9.253 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
92537811008664682926…40671400080058019841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18507562201732936585…81342800160116039679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.850 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
18507562201732936585…81342800160116039681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.701 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
37015124403465873170…62685600320232079359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.701 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
37015124403465873170…62685600320232079361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.403 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
74030248806931746341…25371200640464158719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.403 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
74030248806931746341…25371200640464158721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.480 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14806049761386349268…50742401280928317439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2937051

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock bbe631e9c2fd8ce78123152626e43830597f14e60081fec183ddcbad35e8c455

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,937,051 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,971,678 XPM·at block #6,840,915 · updates every 60s
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