Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,856,902

Block #2,856,902

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/27/2018, 8:37:21 AM · Difficulty 11.6900 · 3,986,628 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b4c8ffa259e3d3cddcefd068574433cdc8b146fe88df5e729cb36258455c7363

Difficulty

11.690018

Transactions

33

Size

8.43 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bb0a503

Nonce

62,427,203

Timestamp

9/27/2018, 8:37:21 AM

Confirmations

3,986,628

Merkle Root

3edd7864539c99ff8b4c7c57d1b375975ab32259737a186946be6a7c76e9f206
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.120 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51201217026036189221…14658311123696150520
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.120 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51201217026036189221…14658311123696150519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.120 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
51201217026036189221…14658311123696150521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10240243405207237844…29316622247392301039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.024 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10240243405207237844…29316622247392301041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20480486810414475688…58633244494784602079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.048 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
20480486810414475688…58633244494784602081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.096 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40960973620828951377…17266488989569204159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.096 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
40960973620828951377…17266488989569204161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
8.192 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81921947241657902754…34532977979138408319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
8.192 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
81921947241657902754…34532977979138408321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.638 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
16384389448331580550…69065955958276816639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2856902

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock b4c8ffa259e3d3cddcefd068574433cdc8b146fe88df5e729cb36258455c7363

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,856,902 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,992,614 XPM·at block #6,843,529 · updates every 60s
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