Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,918,091

Block #2,918,091

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/11/2018, 3:04:19 AM · Difficulty 11.4095 · 3,923,489 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b0946a068f264a12984f91c4d8b7126682a1c95bcc06b238e49c48c12ff8c07f

Difficulty

11.409518

Transactions

168

Size

39.90 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b68d625

Nonce

1,009,007,939

Timestamp

11/11/2018, 3:04:19 AM

Confirmations

3,923,489

Merkle Root

49674753b1cc47ef3c13814b152b6060b2ce43962a29d46e5ea99d2f3e0abed8
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.873 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18736183608846933115…11642551879369523200
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.873 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18736183608846933115…11642551879369523199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.873 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
18736183608846933115…11642551879369523201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.747 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37472367217693866230…23285103758739046399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.747 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
37472367217693866230…23285103758739046401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
7.494 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
74944734435387732461…46570207517478092799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
7.494 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
74944734435387732461…46570207517478092801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.498 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14988946887077546492…93140415034956185599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.498 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14988946887077546492…93140415034956185601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.997 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29977893774155092984…86280830069912371199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.997 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29977893774155092984…86280830069912371201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
5.995 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59955787548310185968…72561660139824742399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2918091

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock b0946a068f264a12984f91c4d8b7126682a1c95bcc06b238e49c48c12ff8c07f

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,918,091 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,977,026 XPM·at block #6,841,579 · updates every 60s
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