Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,642,377

Block #2,642,377

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/1/2018, 5:15:35 PM · Difficulty 11.6508 · 4,191,547 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
a42bb6d59aee06c2ef1e9f16d788ce60c1406d55a916076a565647842880a054

Difficulty

11.650831

Transactions

21

Size

7.80 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ba69cda

Nonce

685,048,470

Timestamp

5/1/2018, 5:15:35 PM

Confirmations

4,191,547

Merkle Root

faf23132356e4bb14858f83833cb7b6382a24d8bf8899a6637447b9b527d01d2
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.333 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13335984381050605402…32025188899259678720
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.333 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13335984381050605402…32025188899259678719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.333 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
13335984381050605402…32025188899259678721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.667 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26671968762101210805…64050377798519357439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.667 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
26671968762101210805…64050377798519357441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.334 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
53343937524202421611…28100755597038714879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.334 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
53343937524202421611…28100755597038714881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.066 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10668787504840484322…56201511194077429759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.066 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10668787504840484322…56201511194077429761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.133 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21337575009680968644…12403022388154859519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.133 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
21337575009680968644…12403022388154859521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
4.267 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
42675150019361937288…24806044776309719039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2642377

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock a42bb6d59aee06c2ef1e9f16d788ce60c1406d55a916076a565647842880a054

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,642,377 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,915,619 XPM·at block #6,833,923 · updates every 60s
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