Home/Chain Registry/Block #438,447

Block #438,447

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 3/11/2014, 12:25:00 AM · Difficulty 10.3576 · 6,356,095 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
a26bafe37e0259f38ef03ec161523f9aaffdbafb38a595fd09c28dfa56cfb213

Height

#438,447

Difficulty

10.357603

Transactions

6

Size

1.45 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5b8be4

Nonce

3,136

Timestamp

3/11/2014, 12:25:00 AM

Confirmations

6,356,095

Merkle Root

3a8d542d423f15c087dfbf8a66a61249741c7c59065188b0f5ce93f2a5009ac0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.610 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56106916224754169325…09270901880939018240
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
5.610 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
56106916224754169325…09270901880939018241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.122 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
11221383244950833865…18541803761878036481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.244 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
22442766489901667730…37083607523756072961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
4.488 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
44885532979803335460…74167215047512145921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
8.977 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
89771065959606670920…48334430095024291841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
1.795 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
17954213191921334184…96668860190048583681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
3.590 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
35908426383842668368…93337720380097167361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
7.181 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
71816852767685336736…86675440760194334721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.436 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
14363370553537067347…73350881520388669441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
2.872 × 10¹⁰³(104-digit number)
28726741107074134694…46701763040777338881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 438447

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock a26bafe37e0259f38ef03ec161523f9aaffdbafb38a595fd09c28dfa56cfb213

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #438,447 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,600,378 XPM·at block #6,794,541 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.