Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,456,674

Block #2,456,674

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/4/2018, 3:53:46 AM · Difficulty 10.9535 · 4,387,916 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
9ef5a9a0ea7ab39e023085c002091cf6ae56c510c9a7a4e2bd213276dd0be752

Difficulty

10.953531

Transactions

19

Size

9.98 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af41a98

Nonce

699,489,190

Timestamp

1/4/2018, 3:53:46 AM

Confirmations

4,387,916

Merkle Root

acf12382700349497bc01560c622455d18a27ec4710d85a7fcdf9bd17ddda055
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.497 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14974532627020679379…47081292045488312320
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.497 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14974532627020679379…47081292045488312319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.497 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
14974532627020679379…47081292045488312321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.994 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29949065254041358758…94162584090976624639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.994 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
29949065254041358758…94162584090976624641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.989 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59898130508082717516…88325168181953249279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.989 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
59898130508082717516…88325168181953249281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.197 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11979626101616543503…76650336363906498559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.197 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
11979626101616543503…76650336363906498561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.395 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23959252203233087006…53300672727812997119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.395 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
23959252203233087006…53300672727812997121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2456674

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 9ef5a9a0ea7ab39e023085c002091cf6ae56c510c9a7a4e2bd213276dd0be752

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,456,674 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:58,001,129 XPM·at block #6,844,589 · updates every 60s
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