Home/Chain Registry/Block #157,328

Block #157,328

1CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 9/9/2013, 1:48:06 PM · Difficulty 9.8687 · 6,641,327 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
95e2f2c4788e59e4854dd62037b493257bcb184a8fdc068efdd82dc84068f806

Height

#157,328

Difficulty

9.868685

Transactions

6

Size

6.21 KB

Version

2

Bits

09de622b

Nonce

337,329

Timestamp

9/9/2013, 1:48:06 PM

Confirmations

6,641,327

Merkle Root

9f75589d9f8e77f2ce2dfa6302adb5ab3490bb3bad3efe14549006dfd0751c24
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.435 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
34358806167504866380…91803208962714505960
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
3.435 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
34358806167504866380…91803208962714505959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
6.871 × 10⁹⁰(91-digit number)
68717612335009732760…83606417925429011919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
1.374 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
13743522467001946552…67212835850858023839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
2.748 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
27487044934003893104…34425671701716047679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
5.497 × 10⁹¹(92-digit number)
54974089868007786208…68851343403432095359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
1.099 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
10994817973601557241…37702686806864190719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
2.198 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
21989635947203114483…75405373613728381439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
4.397 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
43979271894406228966…50810747227456762879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
8.795 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
87958543788812457933…01621494454913525759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 157328

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 95e2f2c4788e59e4854dd62037b493257bcb184a8fdc068efdd82dc84068f806

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #157,328 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,633,264 XPM·at block #6,798,654 · updates every 60s
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