Home/Chain Registry/Block #858,013

Block #858,013

2CCLength 11★★★☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/18/2014, 6:47:49 AM · Difficulty 10.9672 · 5,984,175 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
940e44e5732100e2bc6031d862d50510a242e33b24ebe2abf7aeaaa4bc62376d

Height

#858,013

Difficulty

10.967189

Transactions

14

Size

3.95 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af799b7

Nonce

2,919,795,360

Timestamp

12/18/2014, 6:47:49 AM

Confirmations

5,984,175

Merkle Root

8c642e794f8b123cd7471a481e4ee29243edf4c4adbcb26f6c7de79a80f7dc64
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.609 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
66097608212220153724…12363148922876318080
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
6.609 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
66097608212220153724…12363148922876318081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
1.321 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13219521642444030744…24726297845752636161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
2.643 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
26439043284888061489…49452595691505272321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
5.287 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
52878086569776122979…98905191383010544641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.057 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
10575617313955224595…97810382766021089281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
2.115 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
21151234627910449191…95620765532042178561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
4.230 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42302469255820898383…91241531064084357121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
8.460 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84604938511641796767…82483062128168714241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
1.692 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16920987702328359353…64966124256337428481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
3.384 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33841975404656718707…29932248512674856961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
11
2^10 × origin + 1
6.768 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67683950809313437414…59864497025349713921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 858013

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 940e44e5732100e2bc6031d862d50510a242e33b24ebe2abf7aeaaa4bc62376d

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #858,013 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,981,897 XPM·at block #6,842,187 · updates every 60s
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