Home/Chain Registry/Block #438,300

Block #438,300

1CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the First Kind · Discovered 3/10/2014, 9:38:56 PM · Difficulty 10.3603 · 6,389,038 confirmations

1CC
Cunningham Chain of the First Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime plus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
862194d1d8bd3ab9e6ae7aa50520972946ef2ed7d04273ba5ce29720dd994cbc

Height

#438,300

Difficulty

10.360268

Transactions

7

Size

2.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a5c3a84

Nonce

1,391,785

Timestamp

3/10/2014, 9:38:56 PM

Confirmations

6,389,038

Merkle Root

384c421983b5d6abc4020b91d9fc06689879bfc0f207baa5025a3c97e71bb15f
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.030 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10306951148187908578…15778551979588792320
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin − 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin − 1
1.030 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
10306951148187908578…15778551979588792319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
2
2^1 × origin − 1
2.061 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20613902296375817157…31557103959177584639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
3
2^2 × origin − 1
4.122 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
41227804592751634314…63114207918355169279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
4
2^3 × origin − 1
8.245 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
82455609185503268629…26228415836710338559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
5
2^4 × origin − 1
1.649 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16491121837100653725…52456831673420677119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
6
2^5 × origin − 1
3.298 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
32982243674201307451…04913663346841354239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
7
2^6 × origin − 1
6.596 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
65964487348402614903…09827326693682708479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
8
2^7 × origin − 1
1.319 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13192897469680522980…19654653387365416959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
9
2^8 × origin − 1
2.638 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26385794939361045961…39309306774730833919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2+1 →
10
2^9 × origin − 1
5.277 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
52771589878722091923…78618613549461667839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the First Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 1CC formula:

1CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ + 1, p₃ = 2p₂ + 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 438300

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 862194d1d8bd3ab9e6ae7aa50520972946ef2ed7d04273ba5ce29720dd994cbc

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #438,300 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,862,812 XPM·at block #6,827,337 · updates every 60s
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