Home/Chain Registry/Block #507,210

Block #507,210

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/23/2014, 2:16:34 PM · Difficulty 10.8158 · 6,319,095 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
83f60ca01032cbdefebe55bd48b8f7066c36a37576e8512a85e3948945fb72f4

Height

#507,210

Difficulty

10.815826

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ad0d9f6

Nonce

207,997

Timestamp

4/23/2014, 2:16:34 PM

Confirmations

6,319,095

Merkle Root

edb3a545ea52d36f8baa7bf70bb8f8910243072a7b800c14f949f2ee068eea25
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.451 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14514831795455530927…64889653968089059040
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.451 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14514831795455530927…64889653968089059039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.451 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
14514831795455530927…64889653968089059041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.902 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
29029663590911061855…29779307936178118079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.902 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
29029663590911061855…29779307936178118081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
5.805 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
58059327181822123711…59558615872356236159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
5.805 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
58059327181822123711…59558615872356236161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.161 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11611865436364424742…19117231744712472319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.161 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
11611865436364424742…19117231744712472321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.322 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
23223730872728849484…38234463489424944639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.322 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
23223730872728849484…38234463489424944641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 507210

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 83f60ca01032cbdefebe55bd48b8f7066c36a37576e8512a85e3948945fb72f4

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #507,210 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,854,579 XPM·at block #6,826,304 · updates every 60s
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