Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,292,012

Block #2,292,012

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/11/2017, 11:37:50 AM · Difficulty 10.9551 · 4,550,934 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
81e19ce18dedc5d833039d89b7b46eeda33bc7d842f02d27a1ea296125f3ad90

Difficulty

10.955095

Transactions

5

Size

1.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af48115

Nonce

476,391,615

Timestamp

9/11/2017, 11:37:50 AM

Confirmations

4,550,934

Merkle Root

b9ed13185306674340730a1106f71e4ddf9ba327add129f62523b539ba4b02af
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.123 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11239322015878006784…48686296710554736960
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.123 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11239322015878006784…48686296710554736959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.123 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
11239322015878006784…48686296710554736961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
2.247 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
22478644031756013569…97372593421109473919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
2.247 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
22478644031756013569…97372593421109473921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
4.495 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
44957288063512027138…94745186842218947839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
4.495 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
44957288063512027138…94745186842218947841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
8.991 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
89914576127024054277…89490373684437895679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
8.991 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
89914576127024054277…89490373684437895681
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.798 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17982915225404810855…78980747368875791359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.798 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17982915225404810855…78980747368875791361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
3.596 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
35965830450809621710…57961494737751582719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2292012

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 81e19ce18dedc5d833039d89b7b46eeda33bc7d842f02d27a1ea296125f3ad90

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,292,012 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,987,919 XPM·at block #6,842,945 · updates every 60s
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