Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,784,428

Block #2,784,428

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 8/8/2018, 5:44:04 AM · Difficulty 11.6682 · 4,059,243 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
7cf2a73fb155e3e677f4286d107f72366ed47cca2d7b7783404f53910190d24c

Difficulty

11.668207

Transactions

17

Size

4.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bab0f99

Nonce

1,943,274,927

Timestamp

8/8/2018, 5:44:04 AM

Confirmations

4,059,243

Merkle Root

e6e72c562f69f85489822e32655196e4a1b368cb7b1e58782a06fe05ec91d143
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.229 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
92296309726217120062…89030062956722564020
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.229 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
92296309726217120062…89030062956722564019
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.229 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
92296309726217120062…89030062956722564021
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.845 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18459261945243424012…78060125913445128039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.845 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
18459261945243424012…78060125913445128041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.691 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36918523890486848024…56120251826890256079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.691 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
36918523890486848024…56120251826890256081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.383 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
73837047780973696049…12240503653780512159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.383 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
73837047780973696049…12240503653780512161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.476 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14767409556194739209…24481007307561024319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.476 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14767409556194739209…24481007307561024321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.953 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
29534819112389478419…48962014615122048639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2784428

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 7cf2a73fb155e3e677f4286d107f72366ed47cca2d7b7783404f53910190d24c

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,784,428 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,993,741 XPM·at block #6,843,670 · updates every 60s
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