Home/Chain Registry/Block #476,359

Block #476,359

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/5/2014, 6:58:38 PM · Difficulty 10.4721 · 6,328,916 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6e7a4be8d92494dc2ea4ded2ea21e2ecfdfe097339cf854e16ee1896e0ab4896

Height

#476,359

Difficulty

10.472136

Transactions

5

Size

1.51 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a78dde6

Nonce

424,974

Timestamp

4/5/2014, 6:58:38 PM

Confirmations

6,328,916

Merkle Root

a99a4600d744303a58783a408d3939969f629bffdf72c3f311029b097dd67645
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.640 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26406245805690694092…09555224802267036160
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.640 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26406245805690694092…09555224802267036159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.640 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
26406245805690694092…09555224802267036161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.281 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
52812491611381388185…19110449604534072319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.281 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
52812491611381388185…19110449604534072321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10562498322276277637…38220899209068144639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.056 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
10562498322276277637…38220899209068144641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.112 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21124996644552555274…76441798418136289279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.112 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
21124996644552555274…76441798418136289281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.224 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42249993289105110548…52883596836272578559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.224 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42249993289105110548…52883596836272578561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 476359

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 6e7a4be8d92494dc2ea4ded2ea21e2ecfdfe097339cf854e16ee1896e0ab4896

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #476,359 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,686,272 XPM·at block #6,805,274 · updates every 60s
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