Home/Chain Registry/Block #273,096

Block #273,096

TWNLength 12★★★★☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 11/25/2013, 3:12:44 PM · Difficulty 9.9541 · 6,525,283 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
6589bc168ccba597fb310d475ffe605bc54a111154bbe201e912d29b9d8b1921

Height

#273,096

Difficulty

9.954072

Transactions

7

Size

3.69 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f43e17

Nonce

122,166

Timestamp

11/25/2013, 3:12:44 PM

Confirmations

6,525,283

Merkle Root

7b12ed0652bfa18933947609ff394cda13b3ce0533288c19be7f1728ab1f9861
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.211 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42116208055796796863…36251114569611932200
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.211 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42116208055796796863…36251114569611932199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.211 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
42116208055796796863…36251114569611932201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.423 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84232416111593593726…72502229139223864399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.423 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
84232416111593593726…72502229139223864401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.684 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16846483222318718745…45004458278447728799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.684 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16846483222318718745…45004458278447728801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.369 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33692966444637437490…90008916556895457599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.369 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
33692966444637437490…90008916556895457601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.738 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67385932889274874981…80017833113790915199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.738 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
67385932889274874981…80017833113790915201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.347 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13477186577854974996…60035666227581830399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^5 × origin + 1
1.347 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13477186577854974996…60035666227581830401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^5 × origin + 1 − 2^5 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 12 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★★☆
Rarity
ExceptionalChain length 12
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 273096

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 6589bc168ccba597fb310d475ffe605bc54a111154bbe201e912d29b9d8b1921

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #273,096 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,631,038 XPM·at block #6,798,378 · updates every 60s
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