Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,641,575

Block #2,641,575

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/1/2018, 9:55:56 AM · Difficulty 11.6248 · 4,201,482 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
63ccf33129e1e4b8a34927128f6d75ef3c69d2699e85097f97cf2a24e4c23618

Difficulty

11.624761

Transactions

12

Size

2.78 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b9ff052

Nonce

357,859,526

Timestamp

5/1/2018, 9:55:56 AM

Confirmations

4,201,482

Merkle Root

338d5e579409d0817199388a2e2699771b19719c2d77560f6edc165d20e406ec
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.556 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15565488136082864973…51394393891684775440
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.556 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15565488136082864973…51394393891684775439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.556 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
15565488136082864973…51394393891684775441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.113 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31130976272165729946…02788787783369550879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.113 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
31130976272165729946…02788787783369550881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.226 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
62261952544331459892…05577575566739101759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.226 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
62261952544331459892…05577575566739101761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.245 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12452390508866291978…11155151133478203519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.245 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
12452390508866291978…11155151133478203521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.490 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24904781017732583956…22310302266956407039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.490 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
24904781017732583956…22310302266956407041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
4.980 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
49809562035465167913…44620604533912814079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2641575

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 63ccf33129e1e4b8a34927128f6d75ef3c69d2699e85097f97cf2a24e4c23618

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,641,575 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,988,814 XPM·at block #6,843,056 · updates every 60s
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