Home/Chain Registry/Block #858,489

Block #858,489

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 12/18/2014, 4:06:21 PM · Difficulty 10.9667 · 5,977,915 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
5c19500f65bc64b872a1b0b36f746fc52281843df374c6c696a58674ddcaca69

Height

#858,489

Difficulty

10.966660

Transactions

7

Size

3.12 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af77709

Nonce

1,934,906,167

Timestamp

12/18/2014, 4:06:21 PM

Confirmations

5,977,915

Merkle Root

ed6060dde94cdc227b1afcbf12775d83fa451c8fb338d93fb3f35a5e79b21d04
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

9.047 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90476507295330816408…80183561440018923520
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
9.047 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90476507295330816408…80183561440018923519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
9.047 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
90476507295330816408…80183561440018923521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18095301459066163281…60367122880037847039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.809 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
18095301459066163281…60367122880037847041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.619 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36190602918132326563…20734245760075694079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.619 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
36190602918132326563…20734245760075694081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
7.238 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72381205836264653127…41468491520151388159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
7.238 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
72381205836264653127…41468491520151388161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.447 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14476241167252930625…82936983040302776319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.447 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14476241167252930625…82936983040302776321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.895 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
28952482334505861250…65873966080605552639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 858489

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 5c19500f65bc64b872a1b0b36f746fc52281843df374c6c696a58674ddcaca69

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #858,489 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,935,496 XPM·at block #6,836,403 · updates every 60s
xpmprime.info is a work in progress. If you enjoy using this service you can support this project with a Primecoin donation.
Privacy Policy·

Cookie Preferences

We use cookies to enhance your experience. Some are essential for the site to function, while others help us understand how you use the site.

·Privacy Policy