Home/Chain Registry/Block #329,709

Block #329,709

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/26/2013, 4:29:03 AM · Difficulty 10.1655 · 6,484,703 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
509c9d71083921c0057b8984ddc8bd1614d5dc9d5e1d59bd2ebe2f43aa9236f9

Height

#329,709

Difficulty

10.165511

Transactions

11

Size

5.54 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a2a5eee

Nonce

33,615

Timestamp

12/26/2013, 4:29:03 AM

Confirmations

6,484,703

Merkle Root

c885c4c94d663ec61df469b08d75b4e854fe79ac7dc90c4eabb76d46b041cbb3
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.077 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20772409914347928067…20884662006782361360
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
2.077 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
20772409914347928067…20884662006782361361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
4.154 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
41544819828695856134…41769324013564722721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
8.308 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
83089639657391712268…83538648027129445441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.661 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
16617927931478342453…67077296054258890881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
3.323 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
33235855862956684907…34154592108517781761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
6.647 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
66471711725913369814…68309184217035563521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
1.329 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
13294342345182673962…36618368434071127041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
2.658 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
26588684690365347925…73236736868142254081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
5.317 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
53177369380730695851…46473473736284508161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
1.063 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
10635473876146139170…92946947472569016321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 329709

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 509c9d71083921c0057b8984ddc8bd1614d5dc9d5e1d59bd2ebe2f43aa9236f9

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #329,709 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,759,360 XPM·at block #6,814,411 · updates every 60s
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