Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,893,525

Block #2,893,525

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 10/23/2018, 1:19:39 PM · Difficulty 11.6160 · 3,949,456 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
48bef1d053dcb2361e2735860abcf010c1bf56da477cb2ae6d2409aef5ab8b6d

Difficulty

11.616014

Transactions

44

Size

13.34 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b9db313

Nonce

269,276,957

Timestamp

10/23/2018, 1:19:39 PM

Confirmations

3,949,456

Merkle Root

c5ebfa14185830c71a47b8a44ad2eb365284b4b28180ace7b73069ed3a40de6b
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.399 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43997411997772284131…86042022205080207360
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.399 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43997411997772284131…86042022205080207359
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.399 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
43997411997772284131…86042022205080207361
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.799 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
87994823995544568263…72084044410160414719
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.799 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
87994823995544568263…72084044410160414721
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.759 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17598964799108913652…44168088820320829439
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.759 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
17598964799108913652…44168088820320829441
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.519 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35197929598217827305…88336177640641658879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.519 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
35197929598217827305…88336177640641658881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
7.039 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70395859196435654610…76672355281283317759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
7.039 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
70395859196435654610…76672355281283317761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.407 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
14079171839287130922…53344710562566635519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2893525

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 48bef1d053dcb2361e2735860abcf010c1bf56da477cb2ae6d2409aef5ab8b6d

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,893,525 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,988,202 XPM·at block #6,842,980 · updates every 60s
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