Home/Chain Registry/Block #3,503,410

Block #3,503,410

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/7/2020, 4:54:33 AM · Difficulty 10.9308 · 3,334,187 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
43934c906d029592b3fa69e9aba5f792268a5c38e080d1ed9b4e075c106221b0

Difficulty

10.930848

Transactions

16

Size

109.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

0aee4c0e

Nonce

672,036,190

Timestamp

1/7/2020, 4:54:33 AM

Confirmations

3,334,187

Merkle Root

f92fd1509fbd5cd23c314e4aa493398cbc9c263b05de888c43101c91fefba9b8
Transactions (16)
1 in → 1 out9.5600 XPM110 B
50 in → 1 out501.3520 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out501.3953 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out501.5240 XPM7.27 KB
50 in → 1 out501.4907 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out501.4741 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out4925.7613 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out9848.4172 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out501.4265 XPM7.26 KB
50 in → 1 out501.3066 XPM7.26 KB
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

8.577 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85779352476476516770…97748963943385978880
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
8.577 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85779352476476516770…97748963943385978879
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
8.577 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
85779352476476516770…97748963943385978881
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.715 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17155870495295303354…95497927886771957759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.715 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
17155870495295303354…95497927886771957761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
3.431 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34311740990590606708…90995855773543915519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
3.431 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
34311740990590606708…90995855773543915521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
6.862 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68623481981181213416…81991711547087831039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
6.862 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
68623481981181213416…81991711547087831041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.372 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13724696396236242683…63983423094175662079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.372 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
13724696396236242683…63983423094175662081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 3503410

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 43934c906d029592b3fa69e9aba5f792268a5c38e080d1ed9b4e075c106221b0

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #3,503,410 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,945,098 XPM·at block #6,837,596 · updates every 60s
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