Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,061,583

Block #2,061,583

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/8/2017, 2:52:36 AM · Difficulty 10.8588 · 4,783,008 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
42cbb9ce1352543424fc79e4ce07b10017266a016cd3e6f153a8318b07dc6c9f

Difficulty

10.858833

Transactions

5

Size

7.73 KB

Version

2

Bits

0adbdc81

Nonce

657,147,561

Timestamp

4/8/2017, 2:52:36 AM

Confirmations

4,783,008

Merkle Root

5eef1b6bfc14c209a0329da688c8b6ccd8e0d02e279e491bcdad6c7a1d95f822
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

3.770 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37701337288664970883…09435788865380843520
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
3.770 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37701337288664970883…09435788865380843519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
3.770 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
37701337288664970883…09435788865380843521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
7.540 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75402674577329941767…18871577730761687039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
7.540 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
75402674577329941767…18871577730761687041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.508 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15080534915465988353…37743155461523374079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.508 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
15080534915465988353…37743155461523374081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.016 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30161069830931976707…75486310923046748159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.016 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
30161069830931976707…75486310923046748161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.032 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60322139661863953414…50972621846093496319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.032 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
60322139661863953414…50972621846093496321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2061583

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 42cbb9ce1352543424fc79e4ce07b10017266a016cd3e6f153a8318b07dc6c9f

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,061,583 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:58,001,137 XPM·at block #6,844,590 · updates every 60s
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