Home/Chain Registry/Block #201,884

Block #201,884

TWNLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 10/9/2013, 9:37:58 PM · Difficulty 9.8935 · 6,624,385 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
3aebb4d58b97bbbe53b09b58baf7bc99f74ba6a23543fa64c65c6173faff6cb6

Height

#201,884

Difficulty

9.893488

Transactions

32

Size

10.08 KB

Version

2

Bits

09e4bba4

Nonce

5,052

Timestamp

10/9/2013, 9:37:58 PM

Confirmations

6,624,385

Merkle Root

16d4af4f79b55843314de0ccae337f397d678e9e5f86e8cc68c5661410d22a9c
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.076 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
40764875970259046627…27550516229113442080
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.076 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
40764875970259046627…27550516229113442079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.076 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
40764875970259046627…27550516229113442081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.152 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
81529751940518093254…55101032458226884159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.152 × 10⁹²(93-digit number)
81529751940518093254…55101032458226884161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.630 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
16305950388103618650…10202064916453768319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.630 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
16305950388103618650…10202064916453768321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.261 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
32611900776207237301…20404129832907536639
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.261 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
32611900776207237301…20404129832907536641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.522 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
65223801552414474603…40808259665815073279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 201884

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 3aebb4d58b97bbbe53b09b58baf7bc99f74ba6a23543fa64c65c6173faff6cb6

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #201,884 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,854,287 XPM·at block #6,826,268 · updates every 60s
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