Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,805,232

Block #2,805,232

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 8/22/2018, 5:00:02 PM · Difficulty 11.6668 · 4,036,713 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
2951d335acfc8ff3378dced6af29b1667d236da35b93bbaae9693168934a45f7

Difficulty

11.666807

Transactions

17

Size

3.37 KB

Version

2

Bits

0baab3e2

Nonce

129,832,054

Timestamp

8/22/2018, 5:00:02 PM

Confirmations

4,036,713

Merkle Root

9118eb27db57165a404066aaefa4b5f37160e7bb0772aed76041fcf1640f23fd
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.108 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
71081951137189113267…59274651788347893240
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.108 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
71081951137189113267…59274651788347893239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.108 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
71081951137189113267…59274651788347893241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.421 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14216390227437822653…18549303576695786479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.421 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
14216390227437822653…18549303576695786481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.843 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28432780454875645307…37098607153391572959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.843 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
28432780454875645307…37098607153391572961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.686 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56865560909751290614…74197214306783145919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.686 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
56865560909751290614…74197214306783145921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.137 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11373112181950258122…48394428613566291839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.137 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
11373112181950258122…48394428613566291841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.274 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
22746224363900516245…96788857227132583679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2805232

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 2951d335acfc8ff3378dced6af29b1667d236da35b93bbaae9693168934a45f7

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,805,232 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,979,941 XPM·at block #6,841,944 · updates every 60s
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