Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,205,938

Block #2,205,938

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 7/14/2017, 4:07:19 AM · Difficulty 10.9460 · 4,637,429 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
25ecc49468b78f9d50fccb7d1f5dc24b76912481dd003812109122eed6d61634

Difficulty

10.946039

Transactions

18

Size

6.39 KB

Version

2

Bits

0af22f97

Nonce

41,647,899

Timestamp

7/14/2017, 4:07:19 AM

Confirmations

4,637,429

Merkle Root

f23a3f7255d99537e075793e1aeee73a842604f9528ce5903ffc19a07c957f9d
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.856 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28563313644334644137…51071650609992782240
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.856 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28563313644334644137…51071650609992782239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.856 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
28563313644334644137…51071650609992782241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
5.712 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57126627288669288274…02143301219985564479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
5.712 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
57126627288669288274…02143301219985564481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.142 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11425325457733857654…04286602439971128959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.142 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11425325457733857654…04286602439971128961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
2.285 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22850650915467715309…08573204879942257919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
2.285 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22850650915467715309…08573204879942257921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
4.570 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45701301830935430619…17146409759884515839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
4.570 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
45701301830935430619…17146409759884515841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
9.140 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
91402603661870861238…34292819519769031679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2205938

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 25ecc49468b78f9d50fccb7d1f5dc24b76912481dd003812109122eed6d61634

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,205,938 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,991,299 XPM·at block #6,843,366 · updates every 60s
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