Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,640,140

Block #2,640,140

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/30/2018, 9:45:14 PM · Difficulty 11.5685 · 4,198,985 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
1c64647b9fe3f7c2ef2b02efb124a5a30d8d2ea512f7f8c47e943c37670e24e1

Difficulty

11.568510

Transactions

18

Size

4.84 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b9189e1

Nonce

503,088,169

Timestamp

4/30/2018, 9:45:14 PM

Confirmations

4,198,985

Merkle Root

63ef84ebba42527a15dfa4660aff069b958a7138428882e36723991884f4cab0
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

7.308 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
73086388148927837055…24705504859802694400
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
7.308 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
73086388148927837055…24705504859802694399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
7.308 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
73086388148927837055…24705504859802694401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.461 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14617277629785567411…49411009719605388799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.461 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
14617277629785567411…49411009719605388801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.923 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29234555259571134822…98822019439210777599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.923 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
29234555259571134822…98822019439210777601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.846 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
58469110519142269644…97644038878421555199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.846 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
58469110519142269644…97644038878421555201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.169 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11693822103828453928…95288077756843110399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.169 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11693822103828453928…95288077756843110401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.338 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
23387644207656907857…90576155513686220799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2640140

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 1c64647b9fe3f7c2ef2b02efb124a5a30d8d2ea512f7f8c47e943c37670e24e1

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,640,140 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,957,276 XPM·at block #6,839,124 · updates every 60s
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