Home/Chain Registry/Block #3,013,215

Block #3,013,215

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/17/2019, 8:42:28 AM · Difficulty 11.1783 · 3,820,776 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0d28179a3d2405ecfaf77a07ba8401502dbbe6693d3b242e50db77618d132501

Difficulty

11.178316

Transactions

8

Size

2.52 KB

Version

2

Bits

0b2da61d

Nonce

91,899,931

Timestamp

1/17/2019, 8:42:28 AM

Confirmations

3,820,776

Merkle Root

aa2810ed362ee2eec4fc99407eadbd071f87bb18bb9e852a804b4b821e5acf72
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

4.271 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42716746424870828405…26800204041067906240
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
4.271 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42716746424870828405…26800204041067906239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
4.271 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
42716746424870828405…26800204041067906241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
8.543 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
85433492849741656811…53600408082135812479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
8.543 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
85433492849741656811…53600408082135812481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
1.708 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17086698569948331362…07200816164271624959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
1.708 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
17086698569948331362…07200816164271624961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
3.417 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34173397139896662724…14401632328543249919
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
3.417 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
34173397139896662724…14401632328543249921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
6.834 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68346794279793325449…28803264657086499839
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
6.834 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
68346794279793325449…28803264657086499841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
1.366 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
13669358855958665089…57606529314172999679
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 3013215

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 0d28179a3d2405ecfaf77a07ba8401502dbbe6693d3b242e50db77618d132501

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #3,013,215 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,916,154 XPM·at block #6,833,990 · updates every 60s
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