Home/Chain Registry/Block #497,339

Block #497,339

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 4/17/2014, 1:14:53 PM · Difficulty 10.7662 · 6,294,905 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
0ae2eed83d4d545478239c24c4bbbb33891142d7b7077b45ec3aee503ef454f9

Height

#497,339

Difficulty

10.766219

Transactions

7

Size

1.53 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ac426f6

Nonce

15,923,048

Timestamp

4/17/2014, 1:14:53 PM

Confirmations

6,294,905

Merkle Root

5cdb90fdf72f51dcae86ca8dd0daf4ec87d5cae1ae551217837b0328dde864fe
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

2.455 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24550282301433166158…82315198686221697600
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
2.455 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24550282301433166158…82315198686221697599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
2.455 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
24550282301433166158…82315198686221697601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
4.910 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49100564602866332316…64630397372443395199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
4.910 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
49100564602866332316…64630397372443395201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
9.820 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
98201129205732664632…29260794744886790399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
9.820 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
98201129205732664632…29260794744886790401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.964 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19640225841146532926…58521589489773580799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.964 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
19640225841146532926…58521589489773580801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
3.928 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39280451682293065852…17043178979547161599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
3.928 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
39280451682293065852…17043178979547161601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 497339

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 0ae2eed83d4d545478239c24c4bbbb33891142d7b7077b45ec3aee503ef454f9

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #497,339 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,581,911 XPM·at block #6,792,243 · updates every 60s
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