Home/Chain Registry/Block #2,654,749

Block #2,654,749

TWNLength 11★★★☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 5/9/2018, 2:37:28 PM · Difficulty 11.7148 · 4,179,215 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
045cf3491b9aaf56e970d795177f51752b1347e86dd0215b72144499baad982d

Difficulty

11.714831

Transactions

6

Size

1.92 KB

Version

2

Bits

0bb6ff31

Nonce

203,765,641

Timestamp

5/9/2018, 2:37:28 PM

Confirmations

4,179,215

Merkle Root

60ab0ddba1929e34cbb5679f681abac32068e993b582a6d5a863096d25e283e4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

6.948 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
69485710203133588708…77575069123972597760
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
6.948 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
69485710203133588708…77575069123972597759
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
6.948 × 10⁹³(94-digit number)
69485710203133588708…77575069123972597761
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.389 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13897142040626717741…55150138247945195519
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.389 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
13897142040626717741…55150138247945195521
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.779 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27794284081253435483…10300276495890391039
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.779 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
27794284081253435483…10300276495890391041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
5.558 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55588568162506870966…20600552991780782079
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
5.558 × 10⁹⁴(95-digit number)
55588568162506870966…20600552991780782081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
1.111 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11117713632501374193…41201105983561564159
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
1.111 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
11117713632501374193…41201105983561564161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 5 — Twin Prime Pair (2^5 × origin ± 1)
2^5 × origin − 1
2.223 × 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
22235427265002748386…82402211967123128319
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 11 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

View full Prime Chain Discovery page →
★★★☆☆
Rarity
RareChain length 11
How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Verify on a Primecoin Node

Anyone running a Primecoin node can independently verify this block using the following RPC commands. Run these from the primecoin-cli command line or via the debug console in the Primecoin wallet.

1. Get block hash by height
getblockhash 2654749

Returns the block hash for a given block height. Use this to confirm the hash shown above matches the chain.

2. Get full block data
getblock 045cf3491b9aaf56e970d795177f51752b1347e86dd0215b72144499baad982d

Returns the full block header including difficulty, prime chain origin, prime chain type, transaction IDs, and all other fields shown on this page.

How to run these commands: To verify this data independently, open a terminal on your own Primecoin node and run primecoin-cli <command>. Alternatively, open the Primecoin-Qt wallet, go to Help → Debug Window → Console, and type the command directly. The node must be fully synced to this block height for the commands to return results.

Cross-reference on Chainz Explorer

Chainz is an independent Primecoin block explorer. Compare this block's data to verify accuracy.

View Block #2,654,749 on Chainz ↗
Circulating Supply:57,915,941 XPM·at block #6,833,963 · updates every 60s
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