Block #741,271

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 9/25/2014, 10:51:00 PM · Difficulty 10.9800 · 6,069,409 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
cb710785bdb6def34813d71b49c9845ce4ef186ebd3562c764ba2740149e74f2

Height

#741,271

Difficulty

10.980004

Transactions

7

Size

1.82 KB

Version

2

Bits

0afae187

Nonce

6,351,008

Timestamp

9/25/2014, 10:51:00 PM

Confirmations

6,069,409

Merkle Root

aa27a6258cf45215be9bb20d55f8843b9ee300b6f218eb92e8eaaeae2c74e57a
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

5.980 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59806582478624969870…78868870882183577599
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
5.980 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59806582478624969870…78868870882183577599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
5.980 × 10⁹⁸(99-digit number)
59806582478624969870…78868870882183577601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
1.196 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11961316495724993974…57737741764367155199
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
1.196 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
11961316495724993974…57737741764367155201
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
2.392 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23922632991449987948…15475483528734310399
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
2.392 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
23922632991449987948…15475483528734310401
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
4.784 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
47845265982899975896…30950967057468620799
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
4.784 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
47845265982899975896…30950967057468620801
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
9.569 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
95690531965799951792…61901934114937241599
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
9.569 × 10⁹⁹(100-digit number)
95690531965799951792…61901934114937241601
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,729,532 XPM·at block #6,810,679 · updates every 60s
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