Block #368,354

TWNLength 10★★☆☆☆

Bi-Twin Chain · Discovered 1/20/2014, 4:23:57 PM · Difficulty 10.4417 · 6,439,935 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
aa5e5ad48a0d233edfb2698894b5b7ebe46b5688d9360f7eee4dcc55f2f089a2

Height

#368,354

Difficulty

10.441705

Transactions

11

Size

3.15 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a71139a

Nonce

811,030

Timestamp

1/20/2014, 4:23:57 PM

Confirmations

6,439,935

Merkle Root

c00327e7dfeabc7038dc0a8657785fe564c3674ba145bcf80b6495beba1f0ef4
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.619 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16193582716684144522…92661091106006818559
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k × origin − 1 | Upper: 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin − 1
1.619 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16193582716684144522…92661091106006818559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.619 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
16193582716684144522…92661091106006818561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 − origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 × origin ± 1)
2^1 × origin − 1
3.238 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32387165433368289045…85322182212013637119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 × origin + 1
3.238 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
32387165433368289045…85322182212013637121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 × origin + 1 − 2^1 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 × origin ± 1)
2^2 × origin − 1
6.477 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64774330866736578091…70644364424027274239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 × origin + 1
6.477 × 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
64774330866736578091…70644364424027274241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 × origin + 1 − 2^2 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 × origin ± 1)
2^3 × origin − 1
1.295 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12954866173347315618…41288728848054548479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 × origin + 1
1.295 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
12954866173347315618…41288728848054548481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 × origin + 1 − 2^3 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 × origin ± 1)
2^4 × origin − 1
2.590 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25909732346694631236…82577457696109096959
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 × origin + 1
2.590 × 10⁹⁷(98-digit number)
25909732346694631236…82577457696109096961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 × origin + 1 − 2^4 × origin − 1 = 2 (twin primes ✓)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial − 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,710,364 XPM·at block #6,808,288 · updates every 60s
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