Block #337,040

2CCLength 10★★☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 12/31/2013, 9:34:30 AM · Difficulty 10.1391 · 6,473,100 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
419a1f3e5e4f204262a287a89ee30c4f44cc9a12c154507a75e14582e9646d23

Height

#337,040

Difficulty

10.139148

Transactions

1

Size

1.01 KB

Version

2

Bits

0a239f37

Nonce

90,243

Timestamp

12/31/2013, 9:34:30 AM

Confirmations

6,473,100

Merkle Root

444a8017e832c700a3949d3f4efd0eb855f4c2cd3878fc2caa909432302a1ee5
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.002 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10028199079465602320…04628365959246917041
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.002 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
10028199079465602320…04628365959246917041
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.005 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
20056398158931204641…09256731918493834081
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
4.011 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
40112796317862409282…18513463836987668161
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
8.022 × 10¹⁰⁰(101-digit number)
80225592635724818565…37026927673975336321
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
1.604 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
16045118527144963713…74053855347950672641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
3.209 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
32090237054289927426…48107710695901345281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
6.418 × 10¹⁰¹(102-digit number)
64180474108579854852…96215421391802690561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.283 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
12836094821715970970…92430842783605381121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
2.567 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
25672189643431941941…84861685567210762241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
10
2^9 × origin + 1
5.134 × 10¹⁰²(103-digit number)
51344379286863883882…69723371134421524481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★★☆☆☆
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,725,188 XPM·at block #6,810,139 · updates every 60s
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