Block #268,185

2CCLength 9★☆☆☆☆

Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind · Discovered 11/21/2013, 9:57:28 PM · Difficulty 9.9578 · 6,538,950 confirmations

2CC
Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind

A sequence where each prime is double the previous prime minus one.

Block Header
Block Hash
6c7d71eb062e4f29289b5405c821de7b2465fb48431ebc378d50cec5d8515a9a

Height

#268,185

Difficulty

9.957797

Transactions

6

Size

3.20 KB

Version

2

Bits

09f53227

Nonce

20,481

Timestamp

11/21/2013, 9:57:28 PM

Confirmations

6,538,950

Merkle Root

120ec86ac651bbb0c7d31df1c5fae8973a60f6ce6f16c601b183fa30358c10eb
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.436 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
14361632097412218880…65793572053574064641
Discovered Prime Numbers
p_k = 2^k × origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

1
origin + 1
1.436 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
14361632097412218880…65793572053574064641
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
2
2^1 × origin + 1
2.872 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
28723264194824437760…31587144107148129281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
3
2^2 × origin + 1
5.744 × 10¹⁰⁴(105-digit number)
57446528389648875520…63174288214296258561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
4
2^3 × origin + 1
1.148 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
11489305677929775104…26348576428592517121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
5
2^4 × origin + 1
2.297 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
22978611355859550208…52697152857185034241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
6
2^5 × origin + 1
4.595 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
45957222711719100416…05394305714370068481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
7
2^6 × origin + 1
9.191 × 10¹⁰⁵(106-digit number)
91914445423438200833…10788611428740136961
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
8
2^7 × origin + 1
1.838 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
18382889084687640166…21577222857480273921
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
×2−1 →
9
2^8 × origin + 1
3.676 × 10¹⁰⁶(107-digit number)
36765778169375280333…43154445714960547841
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 9 consecutive prime numbers forming a Cunningham Chain of the Second Kind. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

★☆☆☆☆
Rarity
CommonChain length 9

Found in most blocks. The baseline for Primecoin's proof-of-work.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 × 3 × 5 × 7 × …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime × Primorial (2·3·5·7·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the 2CC formula:

2CC: p₁ (first prime), p₂ = 2p₁ − 1, p₃ = 2p₂ − 1, …
Circulating Supply:57,701,185 XPM·at block #6,807,134 · updates every 60s
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