Block #2,004,997

TWNLength 10ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†

Bi-Twin Chain Ā· Discovered 3/2/2017, 3:14:39 AM Ā· Difficulty 10.7224 Ā· 4,820,371 confirmations

TWN
Bi-Twin Chain

Interleaved pairs of primes that differ by 2, forming twin prime pairs at each level.

Block Header
Block Hash
b6b2f5ebacede5d8d188952ebc2674cceac43df91c796af40b40c2cd82a1e440

Height

#2,004,997

Difficulty

10.722408

Transactions

2

Size

6.03 KB

Version

2

Bits

0ab8efb4

Nonce

580,272,560

Timestamp

3/2/2017, 3:14:39 AM

Confirmations

4,820,371

Mined by

Merkle Root

aa8a02a37db9c7489f149df4fd77deb34090327c1f5d22dbd0fcd1b2b12be4f1
Prime Chain Origin

This is the prime chain origin stored in the block header. It is a composite number (not prime itself) — it equals the first prime in the chain multiplied by a primorial. The origin anchors the entire chain to this specific block.

1.870 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18701448253025634045…69402024642973873279
Discovered Prime Numbers
Lower: 2^k Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 | Upper: 2^k Ɨ origin + 1

These are the actual prime numbers discovered by this block, computed using the verified Primecoin formula. Each number has been independently confirmed to pass the Fermat primality test. Use the FactorDB links to verify any number independently.

Level 0 — Twin Prime Pair (origin ± 1)
origin āˆ’ 1
1.870 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18701448253025634045…69402024642973873279
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
origin + 1
1.870 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
18701448253025634045…69402024642973873281
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: origin + 1 āˆ’ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 1 — Twin Prime Pair (2^1 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
3.740 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37402896506051268090…38804049285947746559
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^1 Ɨ origin + 1
3.740 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
37402896506051268090…38804049285947746561
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^1 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^1 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 2 — Twin Prime Pair (2^2 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
7.480 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74805793012102536181…77608098571895493119
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^2 Ɨ origin + 1
7.480 Ɨ 10⁹⁵(96-digit number)
74805793012102536181…77608098571895493121
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^2 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^2 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 3 — Twin Prime Pair (2^3 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
1.496 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14961158602420507236…55216197143790986239
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^3 Ɨ origin + 1
1.496 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
14961158602420507236…55216197143790986241
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^3 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^3 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)
Level 4 — Twin Prime Pair (2^4 Ɨ origin ± 1)
2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1
2.992 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29922317204841014472…10432394287581972479
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
2^4 Ɨ origin + 1
2.992 Ɨ 10⁹⁶(97-digit number)
29922317204841014472…10432394287581972481
Verify on FactorDB ↗Wolfram Alpha ↗
Difference: 2^4 Ɨ origin + 1 āˆ’ 2^4 Ɨ origin āˆ’ 1 = 2 (twin primes āœ“)

What this block proved

The miner who found this block proved the existence of 10 consecutive prime numbers forming a Bi-Twin Chain. The prime chain origin — the large number shown above — anchors the chain and is divisible by a primorial (the product of small primes), cryptographically tying these prime numbers to this specific block.

ā˜…ā˜…ā˜†ā˜†ā˜†
Rarity
UncommonChain length 10

Roughly 1 in 100 blocks. Solid but expected in a healthy network.

How Primecoin's Proof-of-Work Constructs These Primes

Primecoin stores a value called the prime chain origin in each block. The miner found a large integer such that when divided by a primorial (the product of small primes: 2 Ɨ 3 Ɨ 5 Ɨ 7 Ɨ …), the result is the first prime in the chain. The origin is deliberately divisible by this primorial — that divisibility is part of the proof.

Prime Chain Origin = First Prime Ɨ Primorial (2Ā·3Ā·5Ā·7Ā·11·…)
Source: Primecoin prime.cpp — CheckPrimeProofOfWork()

This is why the origin has many small prime factors — those factors are the primorial divisor. The chain then extends from the first prime using the TWN formula:

TWN: twin pairs (p, p+2) where p = origin/primorial āˆ’ 1 and p+2 = origin/primorial + 1
Circulating Supply:57,847,041 XPMĀ·at block #6,825,367 Ā· updates every 60s
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